Some major environmental issues of our area which polluted environment day-to-day are as follows-

1. Air Pollution:

One of the most common and major environmental issues of our area is Air Pollution. Air pollution refers to the addition of some harmful substances in the air that can have detrimental effects on human health, animals, ecosystems and the environment. These substances are known as pollutants.

Due to increasing urbanization of our area the rate of industrialization is also rising each day. The smoke emitted from industries, such as CO, CO₂, SO₂, H₂S etc. and the increase of transportation system the amount of combustion of petroleum also increases and the emission of high amount of smoke, such as CO, CO₂, SO₂ etc. causes severe air pollution.

Also modern agricultural activities contribute to air pollution in several ways. The use of pesticides for agricultural activities starting from fungicide to herbicides which are composed of highly toxic chemicals like phosphate, chlorinated hydrocarbon and arsenic and lead. These are mixed with the air and cause damage to the environment.

2. Water Pollution:

When the biotic and abiotic substances are mixed into water and bring about physical, chemical and biotic changes into it then the water becomes impure and this is called water pollution. One of the primary causes of water pollution in our area is the contamination of water bodies by toxic chemicals. Due to increasing industrialization many industries release chemicals and toxic products into water which include heavy metals, solvents, acids and other hazardous substances. When these are disposed in the water bodies, the quality of the aquatic system is affected and the environment is polluted.

As discuss above due to modern agricultural activities for higher productivity the use of pesticides, fertilizers and herbicides not only polluted air but also polluted water because it contaminating water and lead to algal blooms and oxygen depletion.

It is highly observed that domestic wastes are also plays a vital role for water pollution in our are. Domestic waste such as improper disposal of plastic waste, including single use plastics like bottles and polythene bags, garbage, soap, detergent are mixed with and the whole system is polluted.

3. Soil Pollution:

Soil pollution are mainly occurs due to domestic wastes, industrial wastes and agricultural activities. Domestic wastes that includes kitchen wastes, broken bottles, plastics, polythene bags and miscellaneous waste materials; industrial wastes like various harmful chemicals, solvents, acids and heavy metals, when indiscriminately thrown into the land causses the gradual loss of fertility of the soil. Also agricultural substances like pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides, fungicides etc. in agriculture can lead to soil contamination, as these chemicals may accumulate in the soil over time, affecting soil fertility and ecosystem.

4. Deforestation:

Deforestation occurs primarily due o human activities. Forest are often cleared to make way for agricultural activities such as crop cultivation, livestock grazing and commercial farming. Also due to infrastructure development such as construction of roads. highways, dame and urban areas can result in the fragmentation and loss of forest habitats.

5. Noise Pollution:

Noise pollution is caused by various human activities. Road traffic, including buses, cars, trucks and motorcycles are the major sources of noise pollution in our area. Aircraft, trains and industrial operations such as manufacturing are also contribute to noise pollution in our area.

Suggestion for controlling environmental issues

It is important for every individual to aware about the harmful effects of environmental pollution. If we all the individual are conscious about the harmful impacts of environmental pollution, then it will easy to control and solve the major issues for the environment. There are some measures are discuss below which may help in reducing pollution-

1. Preventing Air Pollution:

(a) Use of public transport to workplace or sharing vehicles and avoid using a personal car for short-distance travel or using a bicycle or walking which will be beneficial in term of health as well as in the reduction of air pollution.

(b) Economic use of electricity and fuel and use of low-energy or energy saving light bulbs.

(c) Installation of solar penal to every household can reduce air pollution.

2. Preventing Water Pollution:

(a) Reducing unnecessary use of water.

(b) Reducing the use of chemical pesticide in agriculture and promote organic farming.

(c) Creating awareness among citizen for the proper disposal of their household wastes can save the water from pollution to much extent.

3. Preventing Soil Pollution:

(a) Use of biodegradable materials can reduce soil pollution.

(b) Reducing the use of disposal products and recycling and reusing items as well as using reusable containers and bags are good way to reduce the soil pollution.

(c) Controlling the use of hazardous chemicals like pesticides, herbicides etc.

(d) Before being released waste products by industries, it much be chemically treated to render them harmless.

4. Preventing Deforestation:

(a) Planting more trees can recover deforestation.

(b) Raise Awareness about deforestation among citizens and communities.

(c) Making strict policies, laws for citizens, institution and organizations about tree cutting.

(d) Use renewable energy sources and products can much more reduce the deforestation.

5. Preventing Noise Pollution:

(a) Avoiding the unnecessary use of loud speakers at residential places.

(b) Opt for alternative means of transport such as bicycles or electric vehicles.

(c) Turn off home and office appliances when not in use.

Conclusion:

Environmental pollution has becomes a major concern today. therefore preventing and mitigating environmental issues requires a multifaceted approach. Improving energy efficiency, Reforestation. Innovative waste management solutions, Adopting sustainable transportation, Promoting sustainable agriculture, Reducing the use of harmful substances and Protecting natural habitats are essential to protect our environment.

Environmental pollution has becomes a major concern today. therefore preventing and mitigating environmental issues requires a multifaceted approach. Improving energy efficiency, Reforestation. Innovative waste management solutions, Adopting sustainable transportation, Promoting sustainable agriculture, Reducing the use of harmful substances and Protecting natural habitats are essential to protect our environment.

Public awareness and education is essential to safeguarding our environment. Governments, organizations and individuals all have roles to play in implementing sustainable practices and policies. By embracing these strategies we ensure a healthier planet for our future generations.

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